Privacy in the Use of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Banking Operations

Main Article Content

Dr. Akram Tahseen Mohammed Hasan Al-Khaleel

Abstract

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in banking operations is considered one of the most significant indicators of today’s rapid technological advancement, which has cast its shadow over the banking sector just as it has over other aspects of life.


However, this use is not without certain risks that may affect either bank customers or the bank itself, as a result of relying on these technologies in their financial transactions. Therefore, an appropriate legislative framework is required to address these developments and the modern transformations that have taken place in the banking sector.


Such legislation should identify the party responsible for compensating the damages arising from the use of AI technologies and clarify the legal basis for this liability—whether the harm is suffered by the bank’s clients or by the bank itself as a consequence of such use.

Article Details

How to Cite
Tahseen Mohammed Hasan Al-Khaleel, D. A. (2025). Privacy in the Use of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Banking Operations. Basra Studies Journal, 2(64), 241–272. Retrieved from https://bsj.uobasrah.edu.iq/index.php/bsj/article/view/387
Section
Articles

References

Sources

First - Books

-Akram Tahseen Al-Dakhili, "The Legal System for Electronic Documentation", 1st edition, Zain Law Library, Beirut, Lebanon, 2018.

-Amna Osman, "Artificial Intelligence Applications as a Modern Approach to Enhance the Competitiveness of Operations Organizations", 1st edition, Democratic Arab Center for Strategic Studies, Berlin, Germany, 2019.

-Hussein Amer and Abdul Rahim Amer, "Civil Liability and Contractual Liability", 2nd edition, Dar Al-Maaref, Alexandria, 1979.

- Tariq Taha, "Bank Management and Banking Information Systems", 1st edition, Dar Al-Kutub, Cairo, Egypt, 2000.

- Adel Abdel-Nour, "Introduction to Artificial Intelligence", Lotus Publishing House, 2015.

-Abdul-Majeed Al-Hakim, Abdul-Baqi Al-Bakri, and Muhammad Taha Al-Bashir, "The Brief in the Theory of Obligation", Part 1, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research Press, Baghdad, 2011.

-Abdullah Musa and Ahmad Habib Bilal, "Artificial Intelligence: A Revolution in Modern Technologies", 1st edition, Arab Group for Training and Publishing, 2019.

-Abdullah Ibrahim Al-Faqi, "Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems", Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing and Distribution, 2012.

- Lubna Omar Masqawi, "Banking Liability in Financial Credit", 1st edition, Al-Halabi Law Publications, Beirut, Lebanon, 2006.

-.Nabil Ibrahim Saad, "The General Theory of Obligation", Part 1, Al-Maaref Establishment, Alexandria, 2001.

-Hisham Ilqaq and Hanan Duraid, "Artificial Intelligence Applications in Financial Institutions: An Approach to Activate Financial Inclusion", 2022.

Second - Theses and Dissertations

- Zikra Muhammad Hussein, "The Civil Liability of Banks Arising from Opening and Operating Current Accounts", Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Council of the College of Law, University of Baghdad, 2006.

-Fatin Abdullah Ibrahim Saleh, "The Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence on the Quality of Decision-Making", Master's thesis submitted to the University of the Middle East for Graduate Studies, College of Business, Department of Business Administration, Amman, Jordan, 2008.

- Al-Atra Hamadi and Al-Zahraa Noun Zaza, "The Challenges of Artificial Intelligence to Law", Master's thesis submitted to the College of Law and Political Science, University of Kasdi Merbah, Algeria, 2021.

Research and Articles

- Ahmad Ali Hassan Osman, "The Reflections of Artificial Intelligence on Civil Law: A Comparative Study", Journal of Legal and Economic Research, Issue 76, 2021.

- Ahmad Aqrab, "For the First Time in Egypt, the National Bank Opens Its First Electronic Service Branch", article published on the website of Al-Youm Al-Sابع newspaper, dated 9/4/2019.

- Akram Mohsen Al-Yasri and Inas Nasser Aqlah, "The Impact of Technological Characteristics of Banking Information and Banking Governance on Achieving Behavioral Control", available online on 14/6/2024.

- Asmaa Azmi Abdel-Hamid, "The Impact of Administrative Applications of Artificial Intelligence on the Competitive Advantage of Business Organizations: An Application to Commercial Bank Branches in Mansoura City", research published in the Scientific Journal for Financial and Commercial Studies, College of Commerce, Damietta University, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2020.

- Eman Rashed Al-Kandari, "The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Banking Operations", article available online on 23/6/2024.

- Reham Mahmoud Dhiab, "The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Improving the Performance of Banking Services", research published in the Arab Journal of Information and Information Security, Arab Foundation for Education, Sciences, and Arts, Volume 3, Issue 9, 2022.

- Al-Qadi Taher Abu Al-Aid, "Artificial Intelligence Guide for Law Students and Researchers in the Arab World", 2023, available online.

- Ali Tobin, "The Role of Banking Technology in the Context of Banking Services Liberalization", research published in the New Economy Journal, Issue 6, 2012.

- Muhammad Fathi Muhammad Ibrahim, "The Legislative Regulation of Artificial Intelligence Applications", research published in the Journal of Legal and Economic Research, Issue 81, 2022.

-Mahmoud Fikri Abdel-Sadek, "The Legal Framework for the Impact of Electronic Commercial Papers with Artificial Intelligence Technologies", research published in the Journal of the Higher Institute for Qualitative